{"id":39349,"date":"2026-06-29T15:04:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T13:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ggba.swiss\/epfl-researchers-build-a-brain-inspired-ai-model-that-is-more-transparent-and-controllable\/"},"modified":"2026-06-30T10:12:10","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T08:12:10","slug":"des-chercheurs-de-lepfl-creent-un-modele-dia-inspire-du-cerveau-humain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ggba.swiss\/fr\/des-chercheurs-de-lepfl-creent-un-modele-dia-inspire-du-cerveau-humain\/","title":{"rendered":"Des chercheurs de l’EPFL cr\u00e9ent un mod\u00e8le d’IA inspir\u00e9 du cerveau humain"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Des chercheurs de l’EPFL<\/a> ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 un nouveau grand mod\u00e8le de langage (LLM) structur\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re similaire au cerveau humain, con\u00e7u pour offrir plus de contr\u00f4le aux utilisateurs et rendre le raisonnement du mod\u00e8le plus transparent que l’IA \u00ab bo\u00eete noire \u00bb classique. Baptis\u00e9 MiCRo (Mixture of Cognitive Reasoners), le mod\u00e8le a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 \u00e0 l’International Conference on Learning Representations et d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par le NLP Lab<\/a> et le NeuroAI Lab<\/a>, au sein des Facult\u00e9s d’informatique et communications et des sciences de la vie de l’EPFL<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0 o\u00f9 un LLM classique r\u00e9sout un probl\u00e8me en le rapprochant de sch\u00e9mas vus lors de l’entra\u00eenement, souvent de mani\u00e8re difficile \u00e0 interpr\u00e9ter, MiCRo est divis\u00e9 en quatre modules sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, ou \u00ab experts \u00bb, chacun analogue \u00e0 une r\u00e9gion du cerveau : le langage, la logique, le raisonnement social et la connaissance du monde. Au sein de chaque couche du mod\u00e8le, un routeur peut diriger chaque mot d’une phrase vers l’expert le plus \u00e0 m\u00eame de le traiter, de sorte qu’une m\u00eame phrase peut \u00eatre trait\u00e9e par plusieurs experts \u00e0 la fois.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour une requ\u00eate m\u00ealant arithm\u00e9tique et nuance sociale, comme partager une addition tout en tenant compte des difficult\u00e9s financi\u00e8res tues d’un ami, MiCRo dirige les chiffres vers l’expert en logique et les indices sociaux vers l’expert en raisonnement social. Cette s\u00e9paration permet de mieux voir comment le mod\u00e8le parvient \u00e0 ses r\u00e9ponses, et laisse les utilisateurs orienter son comportement en amplifiant ou en supprimant un expert donn\u00e9 directement dans l’architecture, sans recourir au prompting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour construire MiCRo, l’\u00e9quipe, men\u00e9e par le doctorant Badr AlKhamissi, a collabor\u00e9 avec la neuroscientifique Greta Tuckute, de Harvard et du MIT, en appliquant au mod\u00e8le les m\u00e9thodes utilis\u00e9es pour cartographier l’activit\u00e9 c\u00e9r\u00e9brale chez l’humain afin d’identifier ses experts. Les chercheurs d\u00e9crivent un \u00ab cercle vertueux \u00bb dans lequel les neurosciences nourrissent l’IA, tandis que les mod\u00e8les d’IA, en retour, pourraient aider \u00e0 r\u00e9v\u00e9ler comment diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gions du cerveau contribuent \u00e0 une t\u00e2che donn\u00e9e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Une \u00e9quipe de l’EPFL a cr\u00e9\u00e9 MiCRo, un nouveau grand mod\u00e8le de langage structur\u00e9 comme le cerveau humain, dot\u00e9 de quatre modules sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s qui offrent plus de contr\u00f4le aux utilisateurs et s’\u00e9loignent de l’IA \u00ab bo\u00eete noire \u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":39345,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[845],"tags":[1179,1239,1142,1157],"class_list":["post-39349","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tech","tag-artificial-intelligence-fr-2","tag-neuroscience-fr-2","tag-rd-fr-2","tag-software-fr-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nL'EPFL cr\u00e9e MiCRo, un mod\u00e8le d'IA inspir\u00e9 du cerveau | GGBa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'EPFL a cr\u00e9\u00e9 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